Files
vllm-anthropic/csrc/layernorm_kernels.cu
2025-10-16 21:40:25 +00:00

484 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext

#include "type_convert.cuh"
#include "dispatch_utils.h"
#include "cub_helpers.h"
#include "core/batch_invariant.hpp"
#include "quantization/vectorization_utils.cuh"
#include <torch/cuda.h>
#include <c10/cuda/CUDAGuard.h>
namespace vllm {
// TODO(woosuk): Further optimize this kernel.
template <typename scalar_t>
__global__ void rms_norm_kernel(
scalar_t* __restrict__ out, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ input, // [..., hidden_size]
const int64_t input_stride,
const scalar_t* __restrict__ weight, // [hidden_size]
const float epsilon, const int num_tokens, const int hidden_size) {
__shared__ float s_variance;
float variance = 0.0f;
const scalar_t* input_row = input + blockIdx.x * input_stride;
constexpr int VEC_SIZE = 8;
auto vec_op = [&variance](const vec_n_t<scalar_t, VEC_SIZE>& vec) {
#pragma unroll
for (int i = 0; i < VEC_SIZE; ++i) {
float x = static_cast<float>(vec.val[i]);
variance += x * x;
}
};
auto scalar_op = [&variance](const scalar_t& val) {
float x = static_cast<float>(val);
variance += x * x;
};
vllm::vectorize_read_with_alignment<VEC_SIZE>(
input_row, hidden_size, threadIdx.x, blockDim.x, vec_op, scalar_op);
using BlockReduce = cub::BlockReduce<float, 1024>;
__shared__ typename BlockReduce::TempStorage reduceStore;
variance = BlockReduce(reduceStore).Reduce(variance, CubAddOp{}, blockDim.x);
if (threadIdx.x == 0) {
s_variance = rsqrtf(variance / hidden_size + epsilon);
}
__syncthreads();
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
float x = (float)input[blockIdx.x * input_stride + idx];
out[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx] =
((scalar_t)(x * s_variance)) * weight[idx];
}
}
/* Function specialization in the case of FP16/BF16 tensors.
Additional optimizations we can make in this case are
packed and vectorized operations, which help with the
memory latency bottleneck. */
template <typename scalar_t, int width>
__global__ std::enable_if_t<(width > 0) && _typeConvert<scalar_t>::exists>
fused_add_rms_norm_kernel(
scalar_t* __restrict__ input, // [..., hidden_size]
const int64_t input_stride,
scalar_t* __restrict__ residual, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ weight, // [hidden_size]
const float epsilon, const int num_tokens, const int hidden_size) {
// Sanity checks on our vector struct and type-punned pointer arithmetic
static_assert(std::is_pod_v<_f16Vec<scalar_t, width>>);
static_assert(sizeof(_f16Vec<scalar_t, width>) == sizeof(scalar_t) * width);
const int vec_hidden_size = hidden_size / width;
const int64_t vec_input_stride = input_stride / width;
__shared__ float s_variance;
float variance = 0.0f;
/* These and the argument pointers are all declared `restrict` as they are
not aliased in practice. Argument pointers should not be dereferenced
in this kernel as that would be undefined behavior */
auto* __restrict__ input_v =
reinterpret_cast<_f16Vec<scalar_t, width>*>(input);
auto* __restrict__ residual_v =
reinterpret_cast<_f16Vec<scalar_t, width>*>(residual);
auto* __restrict__ weight_v =
reinterpret_cast<const _f16Vec<scalar_t, width>*>(weight);
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < vec_hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
int id = blockIdx.x * vec_hidden_size + idx;
int64_t strided_id = blockIdx.x * vec_input_stride + idx;
_f16Vec<scalar_t, width> temp = input_v[strided_id];
temp += residual_v[id];
variance += temp.sum_squares();
residual_v[id] = temp;
}
using BlockReduce = cub::BlockReduce<float, 1024>;
__shared__ typename BlockReduce::TempStorage reduceStore;
variance = BlockReduce(reduceStore).Reduce(variance, CubAddOp{}, blockDim.x);
if (threadIdx.x == 0) {
s_variance = rsqrtf(variance / hidden_size + epsilon);
}
__syncthreads();
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < vec_hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
int id = blockIdx.x * vec_hidden_size + idx;
int64_t strided_id = blockIdx.x * vec_input_stride + idx;
_f16Vec<scalar_t, width> temp = residual_v[id];
temp *= s_variance;
temp *= weight_v[idx];
input_v[strided_id] = temp;
}
}
/* Generic fused_add_rms_norm_kernel
The width field is not used here but necessary for other specializations.
*/
template <typename scalar_t, int width>
__global__ std::enable_if_t<(width == 0) || !_typeConvert<scalar_t>::exists>
fused_add_rms_norm_kernel(
scalar_t* __restrict__ input, // [..., hidden_size]
const int64_t input_stride,
scalar_t* __restrict__ residual, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ weight, // [hidden_size]
const float epsilon, const int num_tokens, const int hidden_size) {
__shared__ float s_variance;
float variance = 0.0f;
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
scalar_t z = input[blockIdx.x * input_stride + idx];
z += residual[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx];
float x = (float)z;
variance += x * x;
residual[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx] = z;
}
using BlockReduce = cub::BlockReduce<float, 1024>;
__shared__ typename BlockReduce::TempStorage reduceStore;
variance = BlockReduce(reduceStore).Reduce(variance, CubAddOp{}, blockDim.x);
if (threadIdx.x == 0) {
s_variance = rsqrtf(variance / hidden_size + epsilon);
}
__syncthreads();
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
float x = (float)residual[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx];
input[blockIdx.x * input_stride + idx] =
((scalar_t)(x * s_variance)) * weight[idx];
}
}
/* Function specialization in the case of FP16/BF16 tensors.
Additional optimizations we can make in this case are
packed and vectorized operations, which help with the
memory latency bottleneck.
_f16VecPN struct extends _f16Vec to add operations specifically required for
polynomial normalization (poly norm).
The original _f16Vec does not include the sum-of-powers computation or
in-place polynomial normalization logic. */
template <typename scalar_t, int width>
struct alignas(16) _f16VecPN : _f16Vec<scalar_t, width> {
using Base = _f16Vec<scalar_t, width>;
using Converter = typename Base::Converter;
using T1 = typename Base::T1;
using T2 = typename Base::T2;
using Base::data;
__device__ auto sum_pows() const {
float s2 = 0.0f, s4 = 0.0f, s6 = 0.0f;
#pragma unroll
for (int i = 0; i < width; i += 2) {
float2 z = Converter::convert(T2{data[i], data[i + 1]});
float x2 = z.x * z.x;
float x4 = x2 * x2;
float x6 = x4 * x2;
float y2 = z.y * z.y;
float y4 = y2 * y2;
float y6 = y4 * y2;
s2 += x2 + y2;
s4 += x4 + y4;
s6 += x6 + y6;
}
return std::make_tuple(s2, s4, s6);
}
__device__ void poly_norm_inplace(const float w2_inv_std,
const float w1_inv_std2,
const float w0_inv_std3, const float bias) {
#pragma unroll
for (int i = 0; i < width; i += 2) {
float2 z = Converter::convert(T2{data[i], data[i + 1]});
float x2 = z.x * z.x;
float x3 = x2 * z.x;
z.x = w2_inv_std * z.x + w1_inv_std2 * x2 + w0_inv_std3 * x3 + bias;
float y2 = z.y * z.y;
float y3 = y2 * z.y;
z.y = w2_inv_std * z.y + w1_inv_std2 * y2 + w0_inv_std3 * y3 + bias;
auto out = Converter::convert(z);
data[i] = out.x;
data[i + 1] = out.y;
}
}
};
template <typename scalar_t, int width>
__global__ std::enable_if_t<(width > 0) && _typeConvert<scalar_t>::exists>
poly_norm_kernel(scalar_t* __restrict__ out, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ input, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ weight, // [3]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ bias, // [1]
const float epsilon, const int hidden_size) {
// Sanity checks on our vector struct and type-punned pointer arithmetic
static_assert(std::is_pod_v<_f16VecPN<scalar_t, width>>);
static_assert(sizeof(_f16VecPN<scalar_t, width>) == sizeof(scalar_t) * width);
/* These and the argument pointers are all declared `restrict` as they are
not aliased in practice. Argument pointers should not be dereferenced
in this kernel as that would be undefined behavior */
auto* __restrict__ input_v =
reinterpret_cast<const _f16VecPN<scalar_t, width>*>(input);
const int vec_hidden_size = hidden_size / width;
float variance = 0.0f;
float variance2 = 0.0f;
float variance3 = 0.0f;
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < vec_hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
int id = blockIdx.x * vec_hidden_size + idx;
_f16VecPN<scalar_t, width> temp = input_v[id];
auto [x2, x4, x6] = temp.sum_pows();
variance += x2;
variance2 += x4;
variance3 += x6;
}
float3 thread_variances = make_float3(variance, variance2, variance3);
struct SumOp {
__device__ float3 operator()(const float3& a, const float3& b) const {
return make_float3(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z);
}
};
using BlockReduce = cub::BlockReduce<float3, 1024>;
__shared__ typename BlockReduce::TempStorage reduceStore;
float3 block_variances =
BlockReduce(reduceStore).Reduce(thread_variances, SumOp{}, blockDim.x);
variance = block_variances.x;
variance2 = block_variances.y;
variance3 = block_variances.z;
__shared__ float s_w2_inv_std;
__shared__ float s_w1_inv_std2;
__shared__ float s_w0_inv_std3;
__shared__ float s_bias;
if (threadIdx.x == 0) {
float w0 = (float)weight[0];
float w1 = (float)weight[1];
float w2 = (float)weight[2];
s_bias = (float)bias[0];
s_w2_inv_std = w2 * rsqrtf(variance / hidden_size + epsilon);
s_w1_inv_std2 = w1 * rsqrtf(variance2 / hidden_size + epsilon);
s_w0_inv_std3 = w0 * rsqrtf(variance3 / hidden_size + epsilon);
}
__syncthreads();
auto* __restrict__ out_v = reinterpret_cast<_f16VecPN<scalar_t, width>*>(out);
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < vec_hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
int id = blockIdx.x * vec_hidden_size + idx;
_f16VecPN<scalar_t, width> temp = input_v[id];
temp.poly_norm_inplace(s_w2_inv_std, s_w1_inv_std2, s_w0_inv_std3, s_bias);
out_v[id] = temp;
}
}
/* Generic poly_norm_kernel
The width field is not used here but necessary for other specializations.
*/
template <typename scalar_t, int width>
__global__ std::enable_if_t<(width == 0) || !_typeConvert<scalar_t>::exists>
poly_norm_kernel(scalar_t* __restrict__ out, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ input, // [..., hidden_size]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ weight, // [3]
const scalar_t* __restrict__ bias, // [1]
const float epsilon, const int hidden_size) {
float variance = 0.0f;
float variance2 = 0.0f;
float variance3 = 0.0f;
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
float x = (float)input[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx];
float x2 = x * x;
float x4 = x2 * x2;
float x6 = x4 * x2;
variance += x2;
variance2 += x4;
variance3 += x6;
}
float3 thread_variances = make_float3(variance, variance2, variance3);
struct SumOp {
__device__ float3 operator()(const float3& a, const float3& b) const {
return make_float3(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z);
}
};
using BlockReduce = cub::BlockReduce<float3, 1024>;
__shared__ typename BlockReduce::TempStorage reduceStore;
float3 block_variances =
BlockReduce(reduceStore).Reduce(thread_variances, SumOp{}, blockDim.x);
variance = block_variances.x;
variance2 = block_variances.y;
variance3 = block_variances.z;
__shared__ float s_w2_inv_std;
__shared__ float s_w1_inv_std2;
__shared__ float s_w0_inv_std3;
__shared__ float s_bias;
if (threadIdx.x == 0) {
float w0 = (float)weight[0];
float w1 = (float)weight[1];
float w2 = (float)weight[2];
s_bias = (float)bias[0];
s_w2_inv_std = w2 * rsqrtf(variance / hidden_size + epsilon);
s_w1_inv_std2 = w1 * rsqrtf(variance2 / hidden_size + epsilon);
s_w0_inv_std3 = w0 * rsqrtf(variance3 / hidden_size + epsilon);
}
__syncthreads();
for (int idx = threadIdx.x; idx < hidden_size; idx += blockDim.x) {
float x = (float)input[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx];
float x2 = x * x;
float x3 = x2 * x;
out[blockIdx.x * hidden_size + idx] =
(scalar_t)(x * s_w2_inv_std + x2 * s_w1_inv_std2 + x3 * s_w0_inv_std3 +
s_bias);
}
}
} // namespace vllm
void rms_norm(torch::Tensor& out, // [..., hidden_size]
torch::Tensor& input, // [..., hidden_size]
torch::Tensor& weight, // [hidden_size]
double epsilon) {
TORCH_CHECK(out.is_contiguous());
TORCH_CHECK(input.stride(-1) == 1);
TORCH_CHECK(weight.is_contiguous());
int hidden_size = input.size(-1);
int num_tokens = input.numel() / hidden_size;
int64_t input_stride = input.stride(-2);
dim3 grid(num_tokens);
dim3 block(std::min(hidden_size, 1024));
const at::cuda::OptionalCUDAGuard device_guard(device_of(input));
const cudaStream_t stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream();
VLLM_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES(input.scalar_type(), "rms_norm_kernel", [&] {
vllm::rms_norm_kernel<scalar_t><<<grid, block, 0, stream>>>(
out.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), input.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), input_stride,
weight.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), epsilon, num_tokens, hidden_size);
});
}
#define LAUNCH_FUSED_ADD_RMS_NORM(width) \
VLLM_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES( \
input.scalar_type(), "fused_add_rms_norm_kernel", [&] { \
vllm::fused_add_rms_norm_kernel<scalar_t, width> \
<<<grid, block, 0, stream>>>( \
input.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), input_stride, \
residual.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), weight.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), \
epsilon, num_tokens, hidden_size); \
});
void fused_add_rms_norm(torch::Tensor& input, // [..., hidden_size]
torch::Tensor& residual, // [..., hidden_size]
torch::Tensor& weight, // [hidden_size]
double epsilon) {
TORCH_CHECK(residual.is_contiguous());
TORCH_CHECK(weight.is_contiguous());
int hidden_size = input.size(-1);
int64_t input_stride = input.stride(-2);
int num_tokens = input.numel() / hidden_size;
dim3 grid(num_tokens);
/* This kernel is memory-latency bound in many scenarios.
When num_tokens is large, a smaller block size allows
for increased block occupancy on CUs and better latency
hiding on global mem ops. */
const int max_block_size = (num_tokens < 256) ? 1024 : 256;
dim3 block(std::min(hidden_size, max_block_size));
const at::cuda::OptionalCUDAGuard device_guard(device_of(input));
const cudaStream_t stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream();
/*If the tensor types are FP16/BF16, try to use the optimized kernel
with packed + vectorized ops.
Max optimization is achieved with a width-8 vector of FP16/BF16s
since we can load at most 128 bits at once in a global memory op.
However, this requires each tensor's data to be aligned to 16
bytes.
*/
auto inp_ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(input.data_ptr());
auto res_ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(residual.data_ptr());
auto wt_ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(weight.data_ptr());
constexpr int vector_width = 8;
constexpr int req_alignment_bytes =
vector_width * 2; // vector_width * sizeof(bfloat16 or float16) (float32
// falls back to non-vectorized version anyway)
bool ptrs_are_aligned = inp_ptr % req_alignment_bytes == 0 &&
res_ptr % req_alignment_bytes == 0 &&
wt_ptr % req_alignment_bytes == 0;
bool offsets_are_multiple_of_vector_width =
hidden_size % vector_width == 0 && input_stride % vector_width == 0;
bool batch_invariant_launch = vllm::vllm_is_batch_invariant();
if (ptrs_are_aligned && offsets_are_multiple_of_vector_width &&
!batch_invariant_launch) {
LAUNCH_FUSED_ADD_RMS_NORM(8);
} else {
LAUNCH_FUSED_ADD_RMS_NORM(0);
}
}
#define LAUNCH_FUSED_POLY_NORM(width) \
VLLM_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES(input.scalar_type(), "poly_norm_kernel", [&] { \
vllm::poly_norm_kernel<scalar_t, width><<<grid, block, 0, stream>>>( \
out.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), input.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), \
weight.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), bias.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), epsilon, \
hidden_size); \
});
void poly_norm(torch::Tensor& out, // [..., hidden_size]
torch::Tensor& input, // [..., hidden_size]
torch::Tensor& weight, // [3]
torch::Tensor& bias, // [1]
double epsilon) {
TORCH_CHECK(out.is_contiguous());
TORCH_CHECK(input.is_contiguous());
TORCH_CHECK(out.data_ptr() != input.data_ptr());
int hidden_size = input.size(-1);
int num_tokens = input.numel() / hidden_size;
dim3 grid(num_tokens);
/* This kernel is memory-latency bound in many scenarios.
When num_tokens is large, a smaller block size allows
for increased block occupancy on CUs and better latency
hiding on global mem ops. */
const int max_block_size = (num_tokens < 256) ? 1024 : 256;
dim3 block(std::min(hidden_size, max_block_size));
const at::cuda::OptionalCUDAGuard device_guard(device_of(input));
const cudaStream_t stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream();
/*If the tensor types are FP16/BF16, try to use the optimized kernel
with packed + vectorized ops.
Max optimization is achieved with a width-8 vector of FP16/BF16s
since we can load at most 128 bits at once in a global memory op.
However, this requires each tensor's data to be aligned to 16
bytes.
*/
auto inp_ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(input.data_ptr());
auto out_ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(out.data_ptr());
bool ptrs_are_aligned = inp_ptr % 16 == 0 && out_ptr % 16 == 0;
bool batch_invariant_launch = vllm::vllm_is_batch_invariant();
if (ptrs_are_aligned && hidden_size % 8 == 0 && !batch_invariant_launch) {
LAUNCH_FUSED_POLY_NORM(8);
} else {
LAUNCH_FUSED_POLY_NORM(0);
}
}